Sobrepeso, obesidade e fatores associados aos adultos em uma área urbana carente do Nordeste Brasileiro / Overweight and obesity and associated factors in adults in a poor urban area of Northeastern Brazil

RESUMO: Introdução: As mudanças produzidas no processo saúde/doença, sobretudo no campo da nutrição, corroboram a substituição das carências nutricionais com emergência do excesso de peso (sobrepeso/obesidade). Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados ao excesso de peso em adultos residentes em uma área urbana carente do Recife, Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico, com uma amostra de 644 adultos de 20 a 59 anos. Analisaram possíveis associações do excesso de peso aos fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, comportamentais e morbidades por meio de regressão de Poisson, considerando como estatisticamente significantes aquelas com valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: A prevalência do excesso de peso foi de 70,3%, sendo menor na faixa de 20-29 anos e maior na faixa etária de 30-39 anos, e estabilizando-se nas demais. No modelo de regressão multivariado, foi observado que a faixa etária, classe econômica, diabetes mellitus (DM) e hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) mostraram-se diretamente associada ao excesso de peso, enquanto a variável consumo semanal de feijão mostrou-se inversamente associada. A alta prevalência do excesso de peso encontrado pressupõe que as comunidades carentes das quais os indivíduos fazem parte já se incluem no processo de transição nutricional que está em curso no país. Conclusão: Os resultados significativos de sobrepeso/obesidade detectados na área urbana carente estudada, impõe a necessidade de incluir esse problema como prioridade de saúde pública nessas comunidades.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The changes that occurred in the health/disease process, especially in the field of nutrition, corroborate the replacement of nutritional deficiencies with the pandemic emergency of overweight (overweight/obesity). Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with overweight in adults living in a poor urban area in Recife, Northeast Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 644 adults aged 20-59 years. Possible associations of overweight with demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and morbidity factors were analyzed through Poisson Regression, considering as statistically significant those with p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 70.3%, being lower in the age range of 20-29 years, greater in the range of 30-39 years and stabilizing in the others. In the final multivariate model, it was observed that the age group, economic class, diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure were directly associated with overweight, while bean consumption showed an inverse association. The high prevalence of overweight found indicates that poor communities are already included in the nutritional transition process that is in course in country. Conclusion: The significant result of overweight found at this poor urban area imposes the need to include this problem as a public health priority in these communities.

Relationship between lipid and hematological profiles with adiposity in obese adolescents

Background: An excess of weight including obesity have reached epidemic rates in all age groups, both in developed and developing countries. It is notable that overweight children and adolescents have a higher likelihood of becoming obese adults and to present health-related problems early in life. Objetives: To verify associations of the lipid and hematological profiles with adiposity in obese adolescents beginning multidisciplinary weight loss therapy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 85 adolescents of both genders, aged 12-19 years (Tanner staging 3 or 4) and body mass index greater than the 95th percentile. The sum of the triceps, subscapular and calf skinfolds and the waist circumference were used to estimate adiposity. Blood samples were collected from all patients after overnight fasting to analyze blood lipids (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides), blood sugar and the hematological profile (hemoglobin, platelets and red blood cells). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients were used for statistical analysis with significance set for p-values ≤ 0.05. Results: There were statistical differences between genders for red blood cells (p-value = 0.000), hemoglobin (p-value = 0.000) and platelets (p-value = 0.002). Positive correlations were found for red blood cells (p-value = 0.031) and hemoglobin (p-value = ...